The questions on the use of BIM technologies for planning demolition, dismantling and disposal are considered. Modern solutions for equipment and technologies of the dismantling industry are presented.
The host of the webinar, Alexei Chikov, Deputy Head of the Department for the Organization of Experimental Design and Construction of the State Budgetary Institution “Mosstroyrazvitie”, spoke about the new regulations governing demolition and dismantling activities.
«The legislative initiative, within the framework of the widely discussed draft law under the informal title” On All-Russian Renovation “, is aimed at ensuring that the issue of updating the housing stock is resolved not only in Moscow, but in all regions of the country,» comments Alexey. A solution to the problem of resettlement of dilapidated and dilapidated houses is possible by constructing new buildings and structures in their place, during which it is planned to widely apply modern technologies of demolition and dismantling to prepare the construction site.
The experience of using digital technologies for organizing demolition and dismantling works is of considerable interest today. Artem Kondratyev, manager of the NADO Association, spoke about the use of 3D modeling technology on the example of a foreign project to dismantle a cyclone drying unit at the Cabot BV chemical enterprise in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. The dismantling project was developed by the Dutch company DDM. The complexity of the project was to ensure the implementation of agreed decisions on a number of works and complicating circumstances:
– the dismantled unit was located in the very «heart» of the plant, which continued to work in the operating mode of production;
– asbestos was present between the flanges of the outer shell, which poses a danger to human health and work with asbestos requires the fulfillment of special requirements for environmental protection;
– in order to remove and transport the drying unit without disassembly, as a whole, it was necessary to connect its two separate parts. The inner drum of the furnace rotates while the refractory shell is in a fixed position.
«The customer did not believe that we would be able to do this work, so we developed a 3D model of the dismantling process, which clearly demonstrated all the stages of safe work performance, and the customer agreed,» – Artem quotes Jacques Fontaine, commercial director of DDM.
Artem Ivanenko, head of «Technoservice», in his presentation, demonstrated in detail modern technologies and processes of dismantling works on specific examples of projects successfully implemented by the company. Significant experience of the company is the dismantling of an unfinished residential complex in the city of Sochi, consisting of three thirteen-storey buildings 42 meters high, as well as an old medical building on the territory of an existing hospital in Krasnodar.
«The complexity of the dismantling of buildings in Sochi was determined by the cramped conditions for the work, – comments Artem. The object was located close to the land plot, on which there were residential buildings; on the other side of the plot, the sea coastline was adjacent. In addition, the presence of preserved buildings in the immediate vicinity of the dismantled objects at a distance of less than four meters, demanded precision work performance and significant costs for measures to ensure the protection and safety of adjacent objects.»
Artem explains the importance of a preliminary assessment of the risks of possible damage to preserved objects in the immediate vicinity of the dismantling process: «To protect neighboring buildings from falling material debris during dismantling, various protective nets are used – nylon, iron. In a number of cases, the most dangerous for the production of work in the area of possible damage to neighboring buildings, a protective screen of 15 by 30 meters was developed and applied, consisting of a steel frame and dense rubber. In the course of the work, the screen was held in weight opposite the dismantling zone by a truck crane with a lifting capacity of 50 tons. The area of free scattering of debris from dismantling for a building with a height of 30 meters was more than 15 meters, but with the use of a protective shield, the scattering area was reduced to 3 meters.»
The company widely applies technologies of element-wise disassembly and «smart» demolition. Before the start of the main work on the demolition of the building, the dismantling of windows, doors, roofing material and other finishing elements was carried out. The upper floors of the buildings were dismantled from the ceiling to the 30-33 meter mark by mini-excavators, which, in turn, were raised to the upper floors by a truck crane. After that, a destroyer excavator weighing more than 100 tons with a boom reach of up to 40 meters and equipped with special attachments – hydraulic shears, began to work. In the process of dismantling reinforced concrete structures, another serious problem arises – the formation of a cloud of lime dust, which pollutes the environment and causes inconvenience to the project team on the site, neighboring facilities and people. To solve this problem, a water spray «gun» was used, which forms a water cloud at a distance of up to 50 meters and provides complete dust suppression.
All generated waste, with the exception of roofing material, was recycled and sent for reuse. A jaw mobile crushing and screening complex was used to process the broken concrete into secondary crushed stone.
The know-how of Technoservice, which ensures high speed of work, is the use of automatic quick-release couplings for the entire fleet of attachments, such as buckets, grabs, hydraulic shears, and hydraulic breakers. The use of this technology allows, in a matter of seconds, by one person, to change various hydraulic attachments on excavators and loading equipment.
«Previously, the time to replace attachments was calculated in hours and was carried out with significant manual labor. This, in turn, increased the project implementation period and its cost. The use of modern quick-release systems for hydraulic attachments has made the company more competitive,» notes Artem.
Dmitry Sosin, a representative of the American manufacturing company LaBounty, spoke about the features of specialized dismantling equipment – hydraulic shears. «Today, the general trend in the industry is the requirement for us, equipment manufacturers, from dismantling companies to increase the power of attachments while maintaining or even reducing its weight. This will allow it to be used at high altitudes, or on excavators of a smaller class, which will reduce logistics and operating costs,» says Dmitry. When creating dismantling equipment, engineers are guided by such important parameters as its weight, which can reach 20 tons, the geometry of the working area, such as the opening of the jaw, reaching 2 meters or more, and the depth of the jaw, reaching 1.5 meters. And also the crushing forces that are created by its cylinders. It is these operating parameters that determine what materials and what sizes can be crushed or cut using a particular model of equipment and, accordingly, significantly predetermine the scope of its application.
In his presentation, Dmitry also demonstrated the American experience in solving ambitious dismantling tasks. It consisted in the dismantling of bridge structures with a total length of 1.2 km leading from the Long Bridge to the city of San Francisco. The total weight of concrete in the structure is about 65,000 tons. For reinforcement in this volume of reinforced concrete there are 1,500 tons of reinforcement. The object is located in close proximity to communications and residential buildings. And the most important thing is that you only have 24 hours for all the work, including cleaning the territory after dismantling.
At the end of his report, Dmitry stressed that LaBounty was enthusiastic about the information about the creation of a professional community of the National Association of Demolition Organizations: «We really hope that we will be able to build the same full-fledged dialogue with its members, where we can not only convey information about the solutions we propose, but also receive feedback. Ultimately, we are all working on one common goal – increasing the efficiency and safety of dismantling operations.»
Official site NADO https://demolition-nado.ru/ru/
Official site LLC «Tehnoservice» https://tehss.ru/
Official site LaBounty, Stanley Infrastructure https://www.stanleyinfrastructure.com/brands/labounty
Official site Minstroy University https://niisf.org/
