During the webinar, the issues of using BIM technology for planning demolition, dismantling and disposal were considered. The technique and modern dismantling technologies have been studied.
The host of the webinar, Alexey Chikov, Deputy Head of the Department for the Organization of Experimental Design and Construction of the State Budgetary Institution “Mosstroyrazvitie”, highlighted in detail the issues that are regulated by the adopted Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 7, 2020 No. 1798 “On approval of the list of types of preparatory work that components that can be performed before the issuance of a permit for the construction of an object of federal significance, an object of regional significance, an object of local significance from the date of sending the project documentation of these objects for examination of such project documentation, the procedure for their implementation, as well as environmental requirements for its implementation. ”
“The practice of“ advanced ”preparatory work for the preparation of the construction site has been implemented in Russia for more than a decade,” says Alexey, “first of all, these are works that were carried out in preparation for significant world-class events, such as the 2018 FIFA World Cup. , as well as work on the preparation of the APEC summit in 2012 ”.
“The legislative norms in the decree are aimed at allowing developers and contractors to start work on the preparation of the territory immediately after the submission of the project documentation to the examination bodies, thereby significantly reducing the construction time of the facility,” comments Alexey.
Artem Kondratyev, Manager of the NADO Association, demonstrated the possibilities of using modern information modeling technologies (BIM technologies) and special software Extreme Loading for Structures (ELS) on the example of the project for dismantling the HBI Boodarie industrial complex (Hot briquetting plant for iron ore) in Port Headland on the west coast of Australia. ELS is used for structural analysis based on the applied element method (AEM) to automatically track and propagate cracks, separation of elements, collision of elements and structural collapse under extreme loads. Object modeling in AEM is very similar to object modeling by finite element analysis (FEM). Each AEM object is divided into a series of elements connected to form a mesh. However, the main difference between AEM and FEM is how the elements fit together. In AEM, elements are connected by a series of non-linear springs that reflect material behavior. Whereas for FEM calculations, rigid relationships are used.
Extreme Loading for Structures software can demonstrate in a simulator how local errors affect the result. Allowing the company to efficiently model and see demolition demolition processes even before they are performed on site.
The need to use BIM technologies to prepare for work at the facility is due to several factors. A reactor plant was located behind the briquetting area. It was impossible to allow the uncontrolled collapse of the building of the briquetting site back. In the building of the reactor plant there were 16 containers, each weighing 300 tons, with residues of hazardous materials and volatile process fractions of products for the production of direct reduced iron. It is a hazardous material because when it comes into contact with water or steam, it releases flammable hydrogen gas. Therefore, to dismantle the reactor plant, a method of using special explosive charges was chosen, which would completely cut the columns in such a way that the building would split in two and collapse. “The plan was that after dismantling the structure, the reactors would open on their own, making it possible to start the oxidation and neutralization process,” comments Artem. According to the plan, after the structures are on the ground, the team will leave the site for 24 hours, having previously closed the work area for personnel and transport access. A day later, when the clearance is completed, the team will start working again on the site using manual gas cutting and excavators with attachments for crushing metal structures. The result of the work modeling was their trouble-free performance on time.
On the example of the implementation of a large dismantling project to liquidate a section of the Ufaleinickel plant in Verkhniy Ufaley, Chelyabinsk region, Dmitry Vasiliev, head of the production department of GSK Reforma, demonstrated the company’s capabilities, resources and professional competencies. The production site of the plant was completely dismantled to free up the site for the construction of a new production building. The construction volume of the dismantled structures was 800,000 m3, the weight of the metal structures was 15,000 tons of metal structures and the volume of foundations was 15,000 m3. “We used mechanized dismantling and blasting techniques,” says Dmitry. The project team had to deal with massive metal structures and their difficult spatial position. For example, the complex of buildings and structures of the gas cleaning unit consisted of metal beams and columns with a cross-section of up to two meters with a height of the entire complex of more than 50 meters. In addition, two chimneys with a height of 150 and 100 meters at the site were subject to dismantling.
The work was completed in four stages:
1. Demoltion of a chimney with a height of 150 meters;
2. Demoltion a chimney with a height of 100 meters;
3. Demoltion of scrubbers of the gas cleaning system;
4. Demoltion of the crane trestle.
Various special hydraulic attachments are used to carry out demolition work, increase productivity and safety. Roman Malinovsky, Head of the Department of Hydraulic Attachments of Epiroc in Russia, spoke about the range of equipment and technologies.
“To achieve the best results, you must first of all choose the right equipment for the work,” explains Roman. Due to the large number of offers on the market, Customers regularly have questions about which equipment is better to use universal or specialized. As practice shows, the best results are achieved with a skillful combination of all types of equipment for various stages of dismantling:
– primary demolition – fragmentation of the building into elements;
– crushing of destroyed structures;
– waste disposal, or processing (recycling) into secondary raw materials, which is more preferable;
Roman presented the technical characteristics and functionality of attachments manufactured by Epiroc. For example, hydraulic breakers have a patented dust suppression system that prevents dust and debris from entering the unit, which increases the service life of the equipment several times and eliminates downtime.
In the hydraulic shears produced by the company there is an accelerating valve, which ensures the fluid overflow in the hydraulic cylinder in a short cycle until the jaw touches an obstacle. After the jaw touches the obstacle, the pressure increases, the valve switches and the fluid begins to circulate in a large cycle. This technology allows to increase productivity by more than 2 times in comparison with similar equipment, by reducing the time of opening and closing the jaws.
Epiroc has also developed and implemented the innovative Hatcon product, which is a remote monitoring system for the implement fleet. Special sensors are installed on hydraulic attachments, which provide the owner with information about the location, operating condition, and the schedule for routine maintenance of the equipment. This information is also available on the Internet to Epiroc’s technical service personnel for timely service planning. Thus, the exchange of information in the digital field is carried out, which provides a significant optimization of time for all project participants.
Roman concluded his speech, emphasizing the prospects for the development of mutually beneficial cooperation between manufacturers of construction machinery and equipment, dismantling contractors and specialized state, educational and industrial institutions: “We see great potential in cooperation with the NADO Association, because we are ready to go in close cooperation with its members to achieve one of the fundamental goals – to increase the level of work safety ”.
Official site NADO https://demolition-nado.ru/ru/
Official site GSK «Reforma» http://www.reforma-sk.ru/
Official site Epiroc https://www.epiroc.com/ru-ru
Official site Minstroy University https://niisf.org/
